docker_Dockerfile构建镜像

分类于

构建docker镜像的文件

  • 编写一个构建文件 Dockerfile，[Dockerfile 文件详解](#Dockerfile 文件详解)

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    # 父镜像
    FROM ubuntu:16.04

    # 作者信息
    MAINTAINER Wilker <364105996@qq.com>

    # update apt-get 的源，国内的网易镜像速度比较快
    RUN echo "\
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse\n\
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse\n\
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse\n\
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse\n\
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse\n\
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse\n\
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse\n\
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse\n\
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse\n\
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse\n\
    " > /etc/apt/sources.list

    # APT 自动安装 PHP 相关的依赖包，如需其他依赖包在此添加
    RUN apt-get update && \  
          apt-get install -y python \
                           python-dev \
                           python-pip  \
        # 用完包管理器后安排打扫卫生可以显著的减少镜像大小
        && apt-get clean \
        && apt-get autoclean \
        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/* 

    # 配置默认放置 App 的目录
    RUN mkdir -p /app  
    WORKDIR /app  
    EXPOSE 80  
    CMD ["bash"]

  • 构建名为 my-python-base 的镜像： $ docker build -t my-python-base .

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    wilker@ubuntu:~/Desktop/test_docker$ docker build -t my-python-base . # 注意别忘了这个 . 表示Dockerfile 文件在当前文件夹下
    Sending build context to Docker daemon  3.072kB
    Step 1/8 : FROM ubuntu:16.04
     ---> d355ed3537e9
    Step 2/8 : MAINTAINER Wilker <364105996@qq.com>
     ---> Using cache
    ...
    Get:1 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease [247 kB] # 使用的源是 163 的，apt 的速度杠杠的
    Get:2 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [102 kB]
    Get:3 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [102 kB]
    ...
    Step 8/8 : CMD bash
     ---> Running in d24a7615778b
     ---> 989afb411fcb
    Removing intermediate container d24a7615778b
    Successfully built 989afb411fcb
    Successfully tagged my-python-base:latest # 至此就构建成功了

  • 查看新构建的镜像： $ docker images

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    wilker@ubuntu:~/Desktop/test_docker$ docker images
    REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    my-python-base      latest              989afb411fcb        14 seconds ago      386MB

  • run一下这个镜像

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    wilker@ubuntu:~/Desktop/test_docker$ docker run -i -t my-python-base /bin/bash
    root@41aa1e81c242:/app# cd /
    root@41aa1e81c242:/# ls
    app  bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
    root@41aa1e81c242:/# python 
    Python 2.7.12 (default, Nov 19 2016, 06:48:10) 
    [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux2
    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
    >>> print("hello wlrod")
    hello wlrod
    >>> exit()

    • root@41aa1e81c242 ：表示是在 实例 id 为 41aa1e81c242 的 容器 中，以 root 用户运行着，可以使用另一个 终端看下运行中的容器 $ docker ps -a ，80端口连着这个 容器

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      wilker@ubuntu:~/Desktop$ docker ps -a
      CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                           PORTS               NAMES
      41aa1e81c242        my-python-base      "/bin/bash"              4 seconds ago       Up 3 seconds                     80/tcp              distracted_lamarr

  • 退出这个镜像

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    root@41aa1e81c242:/# exit
    exit
    wilker@ubuntu:~/Desktop/test_docker$

Dockerfile 文件详解

参考资料